Much literature shows that the ratings assigned by wine judges are uncertain, some authors
have proposed that judges be tested, and a few wine competitions do test judges. However, …

… This article seeks to build on Bodington (2012) and Cao (2014) in several respects.
Assigning relative preference ranks to wines is common and ordinal scores are also sometimes …

Analyses and aggregations of the ratings that wine critics and judges assign to wines are
made difficult by stochastic error and biases that remain even when wines are assessed blind …

The inability of many wine judges to achieve perfect consistency by assigning the same rating
to the same wine in a blind tasting is well established. Results for four wine tastings that …

… The next step is to express μ ˆ i j and σ ˆ i j in a way that isolates … i j is estimated here as a
function of wine label i and judge label j using a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and σ ˆ i j …

Background There can be a lack of transfer of information between hospitals and community
pharmacies following patient discharge, which puts patients at a high risk of suffering drug …

In the most basic terms, a business enterprise is an ongoing stream of coordinated transactions.
The firm acquires inputs such as labor and equipment and uses them to produce an …

… Bodington (2017, 2020) summarizes and cites four experiments with blind replicates, more
… Law, s2 ij = s2 j + h2 j s2 i , where ηj ≥ 0 is a parameter representing the skill of judge ( j) in …

Fischer suggests that the endless life of an immortal would be just as desirable as the very
long but finite life of a long‐lived mortal. Fischer acknowledges that this is “one of the most …

This report reviews health effects and related standards for fossil-fuel and geothermal power
plants, emphasizing impacts which nay occur through emissions into the atmosphere, and …