Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding
effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is …

To ensure the sustainable development of the water and wastewater (WSS) sectors, new
and more investments are needed. However, private financing in these sectors has not been …

Water shortages affect 88 developing countries that are home to half of the world's
population. In these places, 80-90% of all diseases and 30% of all deaths result from poor …

The shortage of fresh water resources has made the desalination of seawater a widely
adopted technology. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the most commonly used method …

This paper is about the peculiar particularities of the dual trends towards urban water
privatization and commodification. It uses as its analytical entry point the extraordinary …

Abstract In June 2006, the Pacific Institute released Desalination, with a Grain of Salt, an
assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of seawater desalination for California …

An increase in groundwater storage in aquifers in arid areas improves water security. Most
desalination water production around the globe involves the private sector in the form of …

Project financing is a new tool for the Russian investment market. Provision of effective
usage of project financing requires a strictly regulated information support that reflects …

This paper provides a review of the state of the art of project finance methodology. The
growing body of literature in this field serves to emphasize the increasing use and new …

There has been a recent increase in both developing and developed countries in an effort to
meet the economic growth through build–operate–transfer (BOT) concessions. However …